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The Deputy Prime Minister of Australia is the second-most senior officer in the Government of Australia. The office of Deputy Prime Minister was created as a ministerial portfolio in 1968. The Deputy Prime Minister is appointed by the Governor-General on the advice of the Prime Minister. The current Deputy Prime Minister is National Party leader, Warren Truss. The Deputy Prime Minister is entitled to additional pay over and above those of a Minister in Cabinet.〔ABC, Federal Election, 2013: (Federal politicians' pay rises to at least $195,130: do we get what we pay for? )〕 Under the Coalition agreement between the Liberal and National parties, when in government, the position is held by the leader of the National Party. In the case of Labor governments, the party's deputy leader is the Deputy Prime Minister. The duties of the Deputy Prime Minister is largely contingent, coming into play only when the Prime Minister is absent from the country or is on leave, when he or she is referred to as Acting Prime Minister. ==History== Originally the position of deputy Prime Minister was an unofficial or honorary position. The unofficial position acquired more significance after the Coalition agreement reached by Stanley Bruce of the Nationalist Party and Earle Page of the Country Party following the 1922 federal election, which saw the Nationalists lose the parliamentary majority. Though Page’s only official title was Treasurer, he was considered as a deputy to Bruce.〔PrimeFacts: (Deputy Prime Ministers of Australia )〕 Until 1968 the term was used unofficially for the second-highest ranking minister in the government, especially while the Coalition was in government. Under the Coalition agreement between the Liberal and National parties, when in government, the position was held by the leader of the National Party. That continues to be case when the Coalition is in government. In the case of Labor governments, the party's deputy leader was and continues to be the Deputy Prime Minister. On 19 December 1967, John McEwen, the long-serving leader of the Country Party (later renamed the National Party) in the Coalition government, was sworn in as interim Prime Minister following the sudden death in office of Prime Minister Harold Holt. (There was discussion that the deputy Liberal Party leader should properly assume the office. Liberal deputy leader and Treasurer William McMahon had planned a party room meeting on 20 December to elect a new leader, intending to stand for the position himself. However, this was pre-empted by McEwen who publicly declared on the morning of 18 December that he would not serve in a McMahon government.) McEwen was sworn in as Prime Minister on the understanding that his commission would continue only so long as it took for the Liberals to elect a new leader. The Liberal leadership ballot was rescheduled for 9 January 1968. As it turned out, McMahon did not stand, and Senator John Gorton was elected, replacing McEwen as Prime Minister on 10 January 1968.〔http://primeministers.naa.gov.au/primeministers/mcmahon/before-office.aspx〕 McEwen reverted to the usual deputy Prime Minister status under the Coalition agreement. The office of Deputy Prime Minister was then officially created by Gorton as a portfolio position, as an honour for McEwen, on McEwen's insistence, and with additional pay. Governor-General Lord Casey also accepted the view put to him by McEwen that to commission a Liberal temporarily as Prime Minister would give that person an unfair advantage in the forthcoming party room ballot for the permanent leader. McEwen's appointment was in keeping with previous occasions when a conservative Coalition government had been deprived of its Liberal leader. Earle Page of the Country Party was interim Prime Minister between 7 April and 26 April 1939 following Joseph Lyons' sudden death. Arthur Fadden of the Country Party was interim Prime Minister between 29 August and 7 October 1941 following Robert Menzies' resignation, but after a joint United Australia-Country Party meeting on 28 August had chosen Fadden as leader of the Coalition. Since 1968 only two Deputy Prime Ministers have gone on to become Prime Minister: Paul Keating and Julia Gillard. In both cases, they succeeded incumbent Prime Ministers who lost the support of their party caucus mid-term and their election as party leader preceded their predecessor's resignations and their subsequent appointments as Prime Minister. Frank Forde, who had been deputy Labor leader when John Curtin died, was interim Prime Minister between 6 July and 13 July 1945, when the leadership ballot took place. In November 2007, when the Australian Labor Party won government, Julia Gillard became Australia's first female, and first foreign-born, Deputy Prime Minister. In practice, only National party leaders or Labor Party deputy leaders have held the position. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Deputy Prime Minister of Australia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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